What is HMPV & Should We Be Worried?

A ‘new’ virus called HMPV (human metapneumovirus) has been causing quite a stir among the public. The virus said to originate from China, has many talking about the possibility of another pandemic like COVID-19 after photos and videos of crowded hospitals in China went viral.

According to The Independent, cases of HMPV infection have shown a surge across northern provinces in China, particularly among children.

HMPV is not a new virus

Image Credit: Astro Awani

The Health Ministry of Malaysia (MOH) said that HMPV; a respiratory tract infection caused by a virus in the Pneumoviridae family, is not a new disease.

Malaysia recorded 327 positive cases of HMPV in 2024, a 45% increase from the 225 cases reported in 2023.

“HMPV is not a major illness in the country and does not require mandatory reporting under the Prevention and Control of Infectious Diseases Act 1988 (Act 342),” the ministry said in a statement.

MOH also stated that an increase in acute respiratory infections at the end of the year and the beginning of the new year is expected.

“However, the ministry is constantly monitoring the situation from time to time as a precautionary and preventive measure to contain the spread of infection.”

How does HMPV spread?

Direct contact with infectious secretions such as saliva
Respiratory droplets are expelled when an infected person coughs or sneezes
Touching surfaces contaminated with HMPV (touching the mouth, nose or eyes before washing hands)

What are the symptoms?

Runny or stuffy nose
Fever
Sore throat
Cough
Rash
Wheezing
Shortness of breath
HMPV has the potential to cause complications such as bronchitis and pneumonia

Who is at a higher risk of respiratory infections?

Infants
Children under the age of 5
Elderly (aged 65 and above)
Immunocompromised individuals

How to treat HMPV?

Image Credit: Malay Mail

There aren’t any antiviral medications to treat HMPV. However, there are a few preventive methods, such as washing hands often, cleaning frequently used objects and surfaces thoroughly, and avoiding close contact with those who are unwell.

Featured Image Credit: Forbes, ABC News